Common tests used to diagnose infertility in both men and women include:
For Women:
- Ovulation Testing: Monitoring menstrual cycles and tracking ovulation to ensure the release of a mature egg from the ovaries.
- Hormone Testing: Blood tests to measure hormone levels (e.g., follicle-stimulating hormone or FSH, luteinizing hormone or LH, progesterone, thyroid hormones) to assess hormonal balance and ovulatory function.
- Pelvic Ultrasound: An ultrasound of the pelvic area to evaluate the ovaries and uterus for any structural abnormalities or ovarian cysts.
- Hysterosalpingography (HSG): An X-ray procedure in which a contrast dye is injected into the uterus to assess the shape of the uterine cavity and to check for blocked fallopian tubes.
- Laparoscopy: A minimally invasive surgical procedure in which a thin tube with a camera is inserted through a small incision in the abdomen to examine the pelvic organs and check for issues such as endometriosis, pelvic adhesions, or blocked fallopian tubes.
For Men:
- Semen Analysis: A laboratory test that evaluates the quantity, quality, and movement of sperm in a semen sample. This test helps assess male fertility.
- Hormone Testing: Blood tests to measure hormone levels, including testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH), to assess hormonal function.
- Transrectal Ultrasound: An ultrasound performed via the rectum to evaluate the prostate and check for any structural issues or blockages in the male reproductive system.
- Genetic Testing: In some cases, genetic testing may be recommended to identify genetic factors that could affect sperm production or function.
- Testicular Biopsy: A surgical procedure to remove a small sample of testicular tissue for evaluation when other tests do not provide a clear diagnosis.
These diagnostic tests help healthcare providers identify the underlying causes of infertility in both men and women. Depending on the results, further tests or treatments may be recommended to address specific fertility issues. It’s important for couples experiencing infertility to undergo a thorough evaluation to determine the most appropriate course of treatment.
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What are common tests used to diagnose infertility?