Vitrectomy is a surgical procedure involving the removal of the vitreous gel inside the eye. This procedure is performed to treat various eye conditions, particularly those affecting the retina and vitreous humor. During a vitrectomy, a skilled ophthalmic surgeon makes tiny incisions in the eye and uses specialized instruments, including a microsurgical probe and a fiber-optic light, to remove the vitreous gel.
Common reasons for undergoing a vitrectomy include:
1. Retinal Detachment: Vitrectomy can repair retinal detachments by removing vitreous gel and addressing retinal tears or breaks.
2. Diabetic Retinopathy: It is used to treat diabetic retinopathy complications, such as bleeding and scar tissue formation in the retina.
3. Macular Holes: Vitrectomy can close macular holes, improving central vision.
4. Vitreous Hemorrhage: When there is bleeding into the vitreous humor, vitrectomy can remove the blood and help restore vision.
5. Epiretinal Membrane: It is performed to remove the thin, wrinkled tissue on the surface of the retina known as an epiretinal membrane.
6. Vitreous Floaters: Sometimes, vitrectomy is done to alleviate bothersome vitreous floaters that impair vision.
7. Complications from Previous Eye Surgery: It can be used to address complications arising from prior eye surgeries.
8. Infections and Inflammation: In some cases, vitrectomy may be performed to manage severe eye infections or inflammation.
9. Trauma: Eye injuries that involve severe vitreous damage may require vitrectomy.
10. Other Retinal Conditions: Various other retinal conditions, such as retinal vein occlusions, may necessitate vitrectomy for treatment or repair.
The specific reason for undergoing a vitrectomy depends on the individual’s eye condition and the recommendation of their eye surgeon. It is a specialized procedure performed by retinal specialists to address a range of retinal and vitreous issues.
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